Hello,
The documentation for the adjacency_list [0] is clear that if the vertex list container is vecS, then calling remove_vertex() will invalidate any vertex/edge descriptors into the graph.
However, I was wondering if this is actually the case if the removed vertex was the one most recently added, that is, remove_vertex(vertex(num_vertices(g)-1)). In this case, I would think that no shifting of vertex data or adjustment of edge source/target indices would be necessary, and existing descriptors are guaranteed to be still valid.