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[serialization] improved demo_shared_ptr.cpp using XML archive
by Robbie Morrison 10 Sep '07

10 Sep '07

Hello all The 'demo_shared_ptr.cpp' example currently bundled with the Boost documentation has some problems. It would not compile without modification on my system (g++ 4.1/Ubuntu 6.10). And it took quite some work to make XML the archive format if one is not familiar with the Boost.Serialization library. The code below, I hope, represents an improvement. I will happily take on-board any suggestions and fixes (descriptive or diffs as suits) and will resubmit a modified example back to this list in due course. Furthermore, it may be appropriate to add the final version of this file to the official Boost documentation. Alternatively, I can put it on the Boost Wiki as an unofficial contribution. (Perhaps Robert can advise on which approach would be better?) Finally, some search terms which might help locate this posting: unregistered void cast sp_counted_base_impl oa.register_type with best wishes Robbie --- Robbie Morrison PhD student -- policy-oriented energy system simulation Institute for Energy Engineering (IET) Technical University of Berlin (TU-Berlin), Germany 8<--------------------------------------------------------------- // demo_shared_ptr_xml.cpp : demos polymorphic pointer XML serialization // ******************************************************************* // MODIFICATION WARNING: this file has been modified by a Boost user // and is not part of the official Boost distribution. // ******************************************************************* // (C) Copyright 2002 Robert Ramey - http://www.rrsd.com . Polymorphic // derived pointer example by David Tonge. XML archive format and bug // fixes added by Robbie Morrison <robbie(a)actrix.co.nz> on 10-Sep-2007. // Use, modification and distribution is subject to the Boost Software // License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at // http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) // // See http://www.boost.org for updates, documentation, and revision history. // // Purpose // // This file demonstrates how base class pointers holding derived // class objects can be serialized and deserialized in one of // three archive formats: text, XML, and platform-specific binary. // // Important // // Note carefully that, in this example, the class hierarchy is // "polymorphic", which means that each parent class definition // contains at least one virtual function -- in this case, its // destructor. // // Base classes can also be abstract. Users may wish to // experiment by making class A abstract, in which case, the // following macro should be placed after the duly revised class // definition: BOOST_IS_ABSTRACT(A) // // Note also that a non-polymorphic class hierarchy will not // serialize derived instances without extra effort. In most // cases, it is simpler and less error-prone to declare all // relevant destructors as virtual. // // Text and binary archive formats can be selected by // redefining the ARCHIVE_FORMAT preprocessor macro in the // code below. The default format is XML. // // XML is a little more demanding code-wise because both the // object itself and a legal XML tag name need to be // specified. Often the simplest way to do this is to use a // Boost macro which automatically generates the tag name // from the C++ identifier, such as BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(x) // and BOOST_SERIALIZATION_BASE_OBJECT_NVP(A). // // Testing // // This file has been tested with Boost release 1.34.1 dated // 24-Jul-2007 (source build) and also release 1.33.1 (Ubuntu // package) using the GNU GCC 4.1.2 compiler (with -Wall and // -pedantic), valgrind version "valgrind-3.2.0-Debian" memory // checker, and Linux Ubuntu 6.10 operating system (now superseded // by 7.04). The file builds and runs cleanly under the // conditions just listed. #include <iostream> // standard io #include <fstream> // file-based io #include <string> // C++ strings #include <boost/archive/tmpdir.hpp> // locate a temporary directory #include <boost/archive/text_oarchive.hpp> // save text archive #include <boost/archive/text_iarchive.hpp> // load text archive #include <boost/archive/xml_oarchive.hpp> // save XML archive #include <boost/archive/xml_iarchive.hpp> // load XML archive #include <boost/archive/binary_oarchive.hpp> // save non-portable binary archive #include <boost/archive/binary_iarchive.hpp> // load non-portable binary archive #include <boost/serialization/serialization.hpp> // friendship #include <boost/serialization/shared_ptr.hpp> // shared_ptr serialization #include <boost/serialization/base_object.hpp> // base class serialization #include <boost/serialization/is_abstract.hpp> // BOOST_IS_ABSTRACT macro #include <boost/serialization/export.hpp> // BOOST_CLASS_EXPORT macro (place last) // set some typedefs to enable the client code to shift between // archive formats without further effort (if you don't need this // flexibility, omit these typedefs and just use the original // type names, also remove any library headers that are now // surplus to requirements) // // 1 = text format, 2 = XML format, 3 = binary format #define ARCHIVE_FORMAT 2 #if (ARCHIVE_FORMAT == 1) typedef boost::archive::text_oarchive output_archive_type; typedef boost::archive::text_iarchive input_archive_type; const std::string archive_ext = "txt"; #elif (ARCHIVE_FORMAT == 2) typedef boost::archive::xml_oarchive output_archive_type; typedef boost::archive::xml_iarchive input_archive_type; const std::string archive_ext = "xml"; #elif (ARCHIVE_FORMAT == 3) typedef boost::archive::binary_oarchive output_archive_type; typedef boost::archive::binary_iarchive input_archive_type; const std::string archive_ext = "dat"; #endif // class A is a polymorphic base class, due to its virtual destructor class A { friend class boost::serialization::access; // intrusive serialization private: template <class Archive> void serialize (Archive& ar, const unsigned int class_version) { ar & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(x); // macro form //ar & boost::serialization::make_nvp("x", x); // statement form } int x; public: A(): x(42) { ++count; } // default constructor, the 42 is arbitrary virtual ~A() { --count; } static int count; // public to simplify test code (although not used) }; // the following macro is needed for derived classes, but does no harm for base classes // BOOST_CLASS_EXPORT(A) // requires <boost/serialization/export.hpp> // uncomment if making class A abstract (left as an exercise for users) // BOOST_IS_ABSTRACT(A) // requires <boost/serialization/is_abstract.hpp> // uncomment if using particular Metrowerks or Borland compilers // BOOST_SERIALIZATION_SHARED_PTR(A) int A::count = 0; // derived class B was originally added by David Tonge class B : public A { friend class boost::serialization::access; private: template<class Archive> void serialize(Archive& ar, const unsigned int class_version) { ar & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_BASE_OBJECT_NVP(A); // this works fine in all cases //ar & boost::serialization::base_object<A>(*this); // CAUTION: problematic for XML ar & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(x); } int x; public: B() : x(84) { ++count; } // default constructor, the 84 is arbitrary virtual ~B() { --count; } static int count; }; // uncomment if using particular Metrowerks or Borland compilers // BOOST_SERIALIZATION_SHARED_PTR(B) // if omitted, an "unregistered class" boost::archive::archive_exception is thrown BOOST_CLASS_EXPORT(B) // strictly necessary as B is derived int B::count = 0; // display details for two supposedly common shared pointers void display(std::string tag, boost::shared_ptr<A>& a0, boost::shared_ptr<A>& a1) { std::cout << tag << "0: address = 0x" << std::hex << a0.get() << std::dec; if (a0.get()) std::cout << ", underlying typeid = " << typeid(*(a0.get())).name(); std::cout << ", use_count = " << a0.use_count() << std::endl; std::cout << tag << "1: address = 0x" << std::hex << a1.get() << std::dec; if (a1.get()) std::cout << ", underlying typeid = " << typeid(*(a1.get())).name(); std::cout << ", use_count = " << a1.use_count() << std::endl; std::cout << std::endl; } // main code int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { // name the archive file std::string filename(boost::archive::tmpdir()); //locate a temporary directory filename += "/demo_shared_ptr_xml."; // filename stub filename += archive_ext; // "txt", "xml", "dat" const char* cfilename = filename.c_str(); // convert to C-stye string // part one std::cout << std::endl; std::cout << "original pointers" << "\n" << std::endl; // create two new type A shared pointers to hold a single type A object boost::shared_ptr<A> spa0(new A()); // spa0(new A) would also be acceptable boost::shared_ptr<A> spa1; spa1 = spa0; // both now own the same type A object display("spa", spa0, spa1); // new code by David Tonge starts here // create two new type A shared pointers to hold a single type B object boost::shared_ptr<A> spb0(new B()); // a derived and also polymorphic pointer boost::shared_ptr<A> spb1; spb1 = spb0; display("spb", spb0, spb1); // serialize the four pointers // // it would be better practice to make the following block a // try block and then catch exceptions (but this code has // been omitted for reasons of simplicity) { std::ofstream ofs(cfilename, std::ios::binary); output_archive_type oa(ofs); // see earlier typedefs oa << BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(spa0); oa << BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(spa1); oa << BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(spb0); oa << BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(spb1); // 'ofs' and 'oa' are automatically destructed on exiting this block } // part two std::cout << "reset pointers" << "\n" << std::endl; // reset each shared pointer to hold a type A* null pointer spa0.reset(); spa1.reset(); // last shared pointer, held object duly deallocated spb0.reset(); spb1.reset(); // last shared pointer, held object duly deallocated display("spa", spa0, spa1); display("spb", spb0, spb1); // part three std::cout << "reinstated pointers" << "\n" << std::endl; // restore program state to one equivalent to the original { std::ifstream ifs(cfilename, std::ios::binary); input_archive_type ia(ifs); ia >> BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(spa0); ia >> BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(spa1); ia >> BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(spb0); ia >> BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(spb1); } display("spa", spa0, spa1); display("spb", spb0, spb1); // report archive name std::cout << "archive name: " << filename << "\n" << std::endl; return 0; } // main() // --------------------------------- // Output (typeid is compiler-dependent) // --------------------------------- // // original pointers // // spa0: address = 0x0x4e719e0, underlying typeid = 1A, use_count = 2 // spa1: address = 0x0x4e719e0, underlying typeid = 1A, use_count = 2 // // spb0: address = 0x0x4e71a98, underlying typeid = 1B, use_count = 2 // spb1: address = 0x0x4e71a98, underlying typeid = 1B, use_count = 2 // // reset pointers // // spa0: address = 0x0, use_count = 0 // spa1: address = 0x0, use_count = 0 // // spb0: address = 0x0, use_count = 0 // spb1: address = 0x0, use_count = 0 // // reinstated pointers // // spa0: address = 0x0x4e7b308, underlying typeid = 1A, use_count = 2 // spa1: address = 0x0x4e7b308, underlying typeid = 1A, use_count = 2 // // spb0: address = 0x0x4e7c600, underlying typeid = 1B, use_count = 2 // spb1: address = 0x0x4e7c600, underlying typeid = 1B, use_count = 2 // // archive name: ./demo_shared_ptr_xml.xml // end-of-file demo_shared_ptr_xml.cpp --------------------------------------------------------------->8 [from IMAP client]

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xor (^) operator for matrix rows
by Florian Hug 10 Sep '07

10 Sep '07

Hello, let's say you have the following function void combine(boost::numeric::ublas::matrix<int> &m) { row(m, 1) += row(m, 2); } works great and adds the second row to the first one. But trying to xor the individual integers by using void combine(boost::numeric::ublas::matrix<int> &m) { row(m, 1) += row(m, 2); } fails, because the ^ operator isn't defined. In boost/numeric/ublas/matrix_proxy.hpp I've found the definitions of the plus, minus etc operators but at the moment I don't know what I have to define there. Can anybody help? Thanks a lot Florian

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[Type Traits] is_base_of with incomplete types
by Johan Råde 10 Sep '07

10 Sep '07

When is_base_of is "called" with an incomplete type, then it may silently "return" an incorrect result. Would it not be better if is_base_of failed to compile with incomplete types? Johan Råde CTO, Qlucore AB

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circle layout
by Meththa 10 Sep '07

10 Sep '07

Hi, I need help with implementing the circle_layout. I am using this inorder to implement the kamada_kawai_spring_layout function. I want to check if how the circle_layout works and would like to output the coordinates of the vertices so that I can check this. I cannot seem to find any place where this algorithm is used and would like to know if anyone else has used it and found a way to display the output. Your help is much appreciated. ____________________________________________________________________________________ Pinpoint customers who are looking for what you sell. http://searchmarketing.yahoo.com/

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Ideas Wanted: How best to configure Boost.TR1 with GCC?
by John Maddock 10 Sep '07

10 Sep '07

Folks, I have a configuration problem I don't know how to solve, so I'm soliciting for ideas. Here's the basic problem: Boost.TR1 has to replace some of the std library headers, and forward to the existing "real" ones. To do this it can either: 1) Use #include_next to forward to the real std lib header. 2) Use #include <../some_directory/header_name> to forward to the std lib header. Up until now, I've been using #1 with GCC, unfortunately if Boost is installed in /usr/include then it doesn't work: because the Boost include path appears *after* the std library one rather than before it. So... in response to a bug-report I recently changed it to method 2 (on Linux anyway), using the same configuration logic as STLport to determine what "some_directory" is called. Having tested it locally with several gcc versions on Linux everything seemed fine... except it's not: the problem is that gcc has a configuration option that lets you change the name of the directory the headers go in, and several Linux distro's change it from the default, so instead of being the normal default of something like "4.2.0" it's g++-v4 or something else that we can't automatically deduce :-( Obviously I could add a user-config macro for this purpose, but it's all a real pain basically :-( Anyone any better ideas? Or should I give up before I loose the will to live ! ;-) Thanks! John.

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[mpl] Newbie question - working with sets
by Dan Posluns 09 Sep '07

09 Sep '07

I've been trying to use MPL to create a system on an embedded platform (where memory is at a premium and dynamic allocations are expensive) that allows for multiple components or properties to be combined into a single object at both compile and run-time. The basic idea is, say I have the following properties for a 3D model (each its own independent class; there are more than the examples I list here): ModelBase Configuration JointAnimation TextureAnimation LightingConfig I know that a box doesn't need JointAnimation, so when I instantiate a Model for it I'd like it to not have that "property". (I could easily accomplish all of this using a std::map and a dynamic allocation for each property, but again, it's prohibitive on the platform and I'd rather use metaprogramming if I can.) So what I'd like to do, in theory, is something like: // Declare a generic class for a property-based object that templates off of the set of properties it can contain template<class PropertiesSet> class ObjectWithProperties { public: // Create an instance of ObjectWithProperties, using some subset of PropertiesSet template<class PropertiesSubset> static ObjectWithProperties *create(); // Attempt to retrieve a Property, return null on failure template<class PropertyType> PropertyType *getProperty(); private: SomeStaticListManager< size<PropertiesSet>::value > which_properties_are_used; void *data_buffer_for_properties; }; // Define the set of properties that a model can consist of typedef set<ModelBase, Configuration, JointAnimation, TextureAnimation, LightingConfig> ModelPropertiesSet; // Define a Model as an object with those properties typedef ObjectWithProperties<ModelPropertiesSet> Model; // Instantiate a model with only certain properties: Model *m = Model::Create< set<ModelBase, Configuration> >(); // A Model that only has two properties The Create() method would iterate over the subset, tally up the sizeof() for each class, and then perform a single allocation for data_buffer_for_properties and proceed to use placement new to instantiate each class in the subset. (The destructor would then clean up all of that ugliness.) The which_properties_are_used member would be an efficient list manager that can be used to lookup the existence of properties, indexing the types in the set using the order<> operator. Unfortunately, I haven't been able to get very far with set<>. I tried the following: typedef fold< PropertiesSubset, int_<0>, plus< _1, sizeof_<_2> > >::type TotalSize; cout << TotalSize::value; ... and it gives me nothing like what I'm looking for. The documentation hasn't been much help, and I haven't even begun to attempt iterating an actual function over the set (would that be for_each<>?). Any help or ideas to alternative approaches would be greatly appreciated! Thanks, Dan. -- Dan Posluns, B. Eng. & Scty. (Software Engineering and Society) dan(a)danposluns.com - ICQ: 35758902 http://www.danposluns.com "The great thing about being the only species on the planet that makes a distinction between right and wrong is that we get to make the rules up for ourselves as we go." - Douglas Adams, Last Chance to See

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Re: [Boost-users] [Serialization] New user: serializing base class
by Len Berman 09 Sep '07

09 Sep '07

Hi Robert, I'm a bit confused about the slicing problem. I didn't think slicing would occur because the argument to Archive's operator<< is a reference argument; however, I had been expecting the template serialize to behave like a virtual function and, of course, it doesn't. I took a different approach, writing a small main (below) which merely serializes a bus_route. I add the bus_stop_corner to the bus_route and everything works as I expected. The bus_route is saved with the information from the derived class and the class is restored correctly to the derived class. Similarly, if I serialize &bs0 directly, everything is OK. This leasds me hope that it should be possible to serialize the object, bs0, directly since it is a reference to the base class part of a bus_stop_corner. Having a big difference between a reference and a pointer feels to me that there is some symmetry lacking which means that I am not understanding something fundamental. It should be possible to write something like ar << bs0, and have the information associated with the derived class be saved. Is this what you were referring to as the slicing problem. This seems very strange to me: I add &bs0 to the bus_route or serialize it directly and it serializes correctly, i.e. with the derived class info, and yet there is no way to serialize the object, bs0, directly and also get the derived class. It looks like all of the arguments are reference arguments so this is different than what I usually think of as slicing. Can you help me understand this? Thanks. --Len int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { // fill in the data // make a few stops const bus_stop_corner *bsc0 = new bus_stop_corner(gps_position(34, 135, 52.560f),gps_position(134, 22, 78.30f),"24th Street", "10th Avenue"); const bus_stop& bs0(*bsc0); bus_route br; br.append( const_cast<bus_stop*> (&bs0) ); br.append( dynamic_cast<bus_stop*>( const_cast<bus_stop_corner*> (bsc0)) ); { std::ofstream ofs("demofile1.txt"); boost::archive::text_oarchive oa(ofs); // oa << const_cast<const bus_route&>(br); oa & br; std::cout << "br" << std::endl << br; } std::ifstream ifs("demofile1.txt"); boost::archive::text_iarchive ia(ifs); //oa << *bsc0; bus_route brN; // ia & brN; compiles whether & or >> is used ia >> brN; std::cout << "brN" << std::endl << brN ; } Thanks again. --Len Robert Ramey wrote: > I think there is a misconception here. Consider the following: > > bus_stop * bs = new bus_stop_corner(0) > > // bs now contains a pointer to the base class portion of the derived > object. > // so far so good. > > bus_stop bs1 = *bs; > > // bs1 contains a copy of just the base class portion of the original > derived object. > // The derived portion has been lost. This is referred to as "object > slicing" > > // the following operation > > ar << *bs > > // is equivalent to > > bs1 = *bs > ar << bs1 > > // which will lose the derived portion of the class > > The best way to avoid this problem is to make base classes "abstract > by making at least on virtual function (may just the destructor) = 0. > > This will detect the problem at compile time. > > Robert Ramey > > > Len Berman wrote: >> Hi, >> >> I am trying to understand the differences between intrusive and >> non-intrusive style of serialization for derived classes. The >> classes I want to serialize look like: >> >> class Base {} >> template<class TYPE> class Derived : public Base , public >> std::vector<TYPE> {} >> >> where it is intended that TYPE is a built in C type (int, double, ...) >> >> I'm starting by trying to understand the demo.cpp example since that >> example serializes derived classes. >> >> My first goal is to serialize bus_stop_corner and >> bus_stop_destination directly through the base class. These are >> serialized through a pointer indirectly when bus_stop_schedule is >> serialized; however, I've been unable to do this directly. I've gone >> about it using the pseudo-code in 'Pointers to Objects of Derived >> Classes'; however, I get the following compilation error: >> >> g++ -g demo2.cpp -o demo2 /usr/lib/libboost_serialization.a >> >> (I'm using g++ (GCC) 4.1.2 20061115 (prerelease) (Debian 4.1.1-21)) >> >> /usr/include/boost/archive/detail/oserializer.hpp: In function >> $-1òøvoid boost::archive::save(Archive&, T&) [with Archive = >> boost::archive::text_oarchive, T = bus_stop*]òù: >> /usr/include/boost/archive/basic_text_oarchive.hpp:78: instantiated >> from $-1òøvoid >> boost::archive::basic_text_oarchive<Archive>::save_override(T&, int) >> [with T = bus_stop*, Archive = boost::archive::text_oarchive]òù >> /usr/include/boost/archive/detail/interface_oarchive.hpp:78: >> instantiated from $-1òøArchive& >> boost::archive::detail::interface_oarchive<Archive>::operator<<(T&) >> [with T = bus_stop*, Archive = boost::archive::text_oarchive]òù >> demo2.cpp:164: instantiated from here >> /usr/include/boost/archive/detail/oserializer.hpp:567: error: invalid >> application of $-1òøsizeofòù to incomplete type >> òøboost::STATIC_ASSERTION_FAILURE<false>òù >> >> I've also tried by taking the full demo.cpp, and creating a function, >> save_stop, modeled after save_schedule. This compiles but saves only >> the base class. This larger piece of code is below, after >> ++++++++++++++++++. Differences from demo.cpp are marked with //<<<< >> >> Obviously, I'm missing something; hopefully, something simple. >> >> Any help greatly appreciated. >> >> Thanks. >> --Len >> >> /////////1/////////2/////////3/////////4/////////5/////////6/////////7/////////8 >> >> // demo.cpp >> // >> // (C) Copyright 2002-4 Robert Ramey - http://www.rrsd.com . >> // Use, modification and distribution is subject to the Boost Software >> // License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or >> copy at >> // http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) >> >> >> #include <iomanip> >> #include <iostream> >> #include <fstream> >> #include <string> >> >> #include <boost/archive/tmpdir.hpp> >> >> #include <boost/archive/text_iarchive.hpp> >> #include <boost/archive/text_oarchive.hpp> >> >> #include <boost/serialization/base_object.hpp> >> #include <boost/serialization/utility.hpp> >> #include <boost/serialization/list.hpp> >> >> class gps_position >> { >> friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const >> gps_position &gp); >> friend class boost::serialization::access; >> int degrees; >> int minutes; >> float seconds; >> template<class Archive> >> void serialize(Archive & ar, const unsigned int /* file_version >> */){ >> ar & degrees & minutes & seconds; >> } >> public: >> // every serializable class needs a constructor >> gps_position(){}; >> gps_position(int _d, int _m, float _s) : >> degrees(_d), minutes(_m), seconds(_s) >> {} >> }; >> std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const gps_position &gp) >> { >> return os << ' ' << gp.degrees << (unsigned char)186 << gp.minutes >> << '\'' << gp.seconds << '"'; >> } >> >> ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// >> // One bus stop >> // >> // illustrates serialization of serializable members >> // >> >> class bus_stop_corner; >> class bus_stop_destination; >> >> class bus_stop >> { >> friend class boost::serialization::access; >> friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const bus_stop >> &gp); >> virtual std::string description() const = 0; >> gps_position latitude; >> gps_position longitude; >> template<class Archive> >> void serialize(Archive &ar, const unsigned int version) { >> // register all derived classes. >> ar.register_type(static_cast<bus_stop_corner>(NULL)); >> ar.register_type(static_cast<bus_stop_destination>(NULL)); >> ar & latitude; >> ar & longitude; >> } >> protected: >> bus_stop(const gps_position & _lat, const gps_position & _long) : >> latitude(_lat), longitude(_long) >> {} >> public: >> bus_stop(){} >> // virtual void serialize(std::ostream &ar, const unsigned int >> file_version) = 0; >> virtual ~bus_stop(){} >> }; >> >> BOOST_IS_ABSTRACT(bus_stop) >> >> std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const bus_stop &bs) >> { >> return os << bs.latitude << bs.longitude << ' ' << >> bs.description(); >> } >> >> ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// >> // Several kinds of bus stops >> // >> // illustrates serialization of derived types >> // >> class bus_stop_corner : public bus_stop >> { >> friend class boost::serialization::access; >> std::string street1; >> std::string street2; >> virtual std::string description() const >> { >> return street1 + " and " + street2; >> } >> template<class Archive> >> void serialize(Archive &ar, const unsigned int version) >> { >> // save/load base class information >> ar & boost::serialization::base_object<bus_stop>(*this); >> ar & street1 & street2; >> } >> >> public: >> bus_stop_corner(){} >> // virtual void serialize(std::ostream &ar, const unsigned int >> file_version){ >> // ar << "bus_stop_corner"; >> // }; >> bus_stop_corner(const gps_position & _lat, const gps_position & >> _long, >> const std::string & _s1, const std::string & _s2 >> ) : >> bus_stop(_lat, _long), street1(_s1), street2(_s2) >> { >> } >> }; >> >> class bus_stop_destination : public bus_stop >> { >> friend class boost::serialization::access; >> std::string name; >> virtual std::string description() const >> { >> return name; >> } >> template<class Archive> >> void serialize(Archive &ar, const unsigned int version) >> { >> description(); >> ar & boost::serialization::base_object<bus_stop>(*this) & name; >> } >> public: >> >> bus_stop_destination(){} >> // virtual void serialize(std::ostream &ar, const unsigned int >> file_version){ >> // ar << "bus_stop_destination"; >> // }; >> bus_stop_destination( >> const gps_position & _lat, const gps_position & _long, const >> std::string & _name >> ) : >> bus_stop(_lat, _long), name(_name) >> { >> } >> }; >> >> int main(int argc, char *argv[]) >> { >> // fill in the data >> // make a few stops >> bus_stop_corner *bsc0; >> bus_stop *bs0 = bsc0 = new bus_stop_corner( >> gps_position(34, 135, 52.560f), >> gps_position(134, 22, 78.30f), >> "24th Street", "10th Avenue" >> ); >> >> std::ofstream ofs("demofile1.txt"); >> boost::archive::text_oarchive oa(ofs); >> oa << bs0; >> } >> >> ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ >> >> /////////1/////////2/////////3/////////4/////////5/////////6/////////7/////////8 >> >> // demo.cpp >> // >> // (C) Copyright 2002-4 Robert Ramey - http://www.rrsd.com . >> // Use, modification and distribution is subject to the Boost Software >> // License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or >> copy at >> // http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) >> >> >> #include <iomanip> >> #include <iostream> >> #include <fstream> >> #include <string> >> >> #include <boost/archive/tmpdir.hpp> >> >> #include <boost/archive/text_iarchive.hpp> >> #include <boost/archive/text_oarchive.hpp> >> >> #include <boost/serialization/base_object.hpp> >> #include <boost/serialization/utility.hpp> >> #include <boost/serialization/list.hpp> >> >> ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// >> // The intent of this program is to serve as a tutorial for >> // users of the serialization package. An attempt has been made >> // to illustrate most of the facilities of the package. >> // >> // The intent is to create an example suffciently complete to >> // illustrate the usage and utility of the package while >> // including a minimum of other code. >> // >> // This illustration models the bus system of a small city. >> // This includes, multiple bus stops, bus routes and schedules. >> // There are different kinds of stops. Bus stops in general will >> // will appear on multiple routes. A schedule will include >> // muliple trips on the same route. >> >> ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// >> // gps coordinate >> // >> // llustrates serialization for a simple type >> // >> class gps_position >> { >> friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const >> gps_position &gp); >> friend class boost::serialization::access; >> int degrees; >> int minutes; >> float seconds; >> template<class Archive> >> void serialize(Archive & ar, const unsigned int /* file_version >> */){ >> ar & degrees & minutes & seconds; >> } >> public: >> // every serializable class needs a constructor >> gps_position(){}; >> gps_position(int _d, int _m, float _s) : >> degrees(_d), minutes(_m), seconds(_s) >> {} >> }; >> std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const gps_position &gp) >> { >> return os << ' ' << gp.degrees << (unsigned char)186 << gp.minutes >> << '\'' << gp.seconds << '"'; >> } >> >> ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// >> // One bus stop >> // >> // illustrates serialization of serializable members >> // >> >> >> class bus_stop >> { >> friend class boost::serialization::access; >> friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const bus_stop >> &gp); >> virtual std::string description() const = 0; >> gps_position latitude; >> gps_position longitude; >> template<class Archive> >> void serialize(Archive &ar, const unsigned int version) >> { >> ar & latitude; >> ar & longitude; >> } >> protected: >> bus_stop(const gps_position & _lat, const gps_position & _long) : >> latitude(_lat), longitude(_long) >> {} >> public: >> bus_stop(){} >> virtual ~bus_stop(){} >> }; >> >> BOOST_IS_ABSTRACT(bus_stop) >> >> std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const bus_stop &bs) >> { >> return os << bs.latitude << bs.longitude << ' ' << >> bs.description(); >> } >> >> ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// >> // Several kinds of bus stops >> // >> // illustrates serialization of derived types >> // >> class bus_stop_corner : public bus_stop >> { >> friend class boost::serialization::access; >> std::string street1; >> std::string street2; >> virtual std::string description() const >> { >> return street1 + " and " + street2; >> } >> template<class Archive> >> void serialize(Archive &ar, const unsigned int version) >> { >> // save/load base class information >> ar & boost::serialization::base_object<bus_stop>(*this); >> ar & street1 & street2; >> } >> >> public: >> bus_stop_corner(){} >> bus_stop_corner(const gps_position & _lat, const gps_position & >> _long, >> const std::string & _s1, const std::string & _s2 >> ) : >> bus_stop(_lat, _long), street1(_s1), street2(_s2) >> { >> } >> }; >> >> class bus_stop_destination : public bus_stop >> { >> friend class boost::serialization::access; >> std::string name; >> virtual std::string description() const >> { >> return name; >> } >> template<class Archive> >> void serialize(Archive &ar, const unsigned int version) >> { >> description(); >> ar & boost::serialization::base_object<bus_stop>(*this) & name; >> } >> public: >> >> bus_stop_destination(){} >> bus_stop_destination( >> const gps_position & _lat, const gps_position & _long, const >> std::string & _name >> ) : >> bus_stop(_lat, _long), name(_name) >> { >> } >> }; >> >> ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// >> // a bus route is a collection of bus stops >> // >> // illustrates serialization of STL collection templates. >> // >> // illustrates serialzation of polymorphic pointer (bus stop *); >> // >> // illustrates storage and recovery of shared pointers is correct >> // and efficient. That is objects pointed to by more than one >> // pointer are stored only once. In such cases only one such >> // object is restored and pointers are restored to point to it >> // >> class bus_route >> { >> friend class boost::serialization::access; >> friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const bus_route >> &br); >> typedef bus_stop * bus_stop_pointer; >> std::list<bus_stop_pointer> stops; >> template<class Archive> >> void serialize(Archive &ar, const unsigned int version) >> { >> // in this program, these classes are never serialized >> directly but rather >> // through a pointer to the base class bus_stop. So we need a >> way to be >> // sure that the archive contains information about these >> derived classes. >> //ar.template register_type<bus_stop_corner>(); >> ar.register_type(static_cast<bus_stop_corner *>(NULL)); >> //ar.template register_type<bus_stop_destination>(); >> ar.register_type(static_cast<bus_stop_destination *>(NULL)); >> // serialization of stl collections is already defined >> // in the header >> ar & stops; >> } >> public: >> bus_route(){} >> void append(bus_stop *_bs) >> { >> stops.insert(stops.end(), _bs); >> } >> }; >> std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const bus_route &br) >> { >> std::list<bus_stop *>::const_iterator it; >> // note: we're displaying the pointer to permit verification >> // that duplicated pointers are properly restored. >> for(it = br.stops.begin(); it != br.stops.end(); it++){ >> os << '\n' << std::hex << "0x" << *it << std::dec << ' ' << >> **it; >> } >> return os; >> } >> >> ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// >> // a bus schedule is a collection of routes each with a starting time >> // >> // Illustrates serialization of STL objects(pair) in a non-intrusive >> way. >> // See definition of operator<< <pair<F, S> >(ar, pair) and others in >> // serialization.hpp >> // >> // illustrates nesting of serializable classes >> // >> // illustrates use of version number to automatically grandfather >> older >> // versions of the same class. >> >> class bus_schedule >> { >> public: >> // note: this structure was made public. because the friend >> declarations >> // didn't seem to work as expected. >> struct trip_info >> { >> template<class Archive> >> void serialize(Archive &ar, const unsigned int file_version) >> { >> // in versions 2 or later >> if(file_version >= 2) >> // read the drivers name >> ar & driver; >> // all versions have the follwing info >> ar & hour & minute; >> } >> >> // starting time >> int hour; >> int minute; >> // only after system shipped was the driver's name added to >> the class >> std::string driver; >> >> trip_info(){} >> trip_info(int _h, int _m, const std::string &_d) : >> hour(_h), minute(_m), driver(_d) >> {} >> }; >> private: >> friend class boost::serialization::access; >> friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const >> bus_schedule &bs); >> friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const >> bus_schedule::trip_info &ti); >> std::list<std::pair<trip_info, bus_route *> > schedule; >> template<class Archive> >> void serialize(Archive &ar, const unsigned int version) >> { >> ar & schedule; >> } >> public: >> void append(const std::string &_d, int _h, int _m, bus_route *_br) >> { >> schedule.insert(schedule.end(), std::make_pair(trip_info(_h, >> _m, _d), _br)); >> } >> bus_schedule(){} >> }; >> BOOST_CLASS_VERSION(bus_schedule, 2) >> >> std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const >> bus_schedule::trip_info &ti) >> { >> return os << '\n' << ti.hour << ':' << ti.minute << ' ' << >> ti.driver << ' '; >> } >> std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const bus_schedule &bs) >> { >> std::list<std::pair<bus_schedule::trip_info, bus_route *> >>> ::const_iterator it; >> for(it = bs.schedule.begin(); it != bs.schedule.end(); it++){ >> os << it->first << *(it->second); >> } >> return os; >> } >> >> void save_schedule(const bus_schedule &s, const char * filename){ >> // make an archive >> std::ofstream ofs(filename); >> boost::archive::text_oarchive oa(ofs); >> oa << s; >> } >> >> //<<<< >> void save_stop(const bus_stop &s, const char * filename){ >> // make an archive >> std::ofstream ofs(filename); >> boost::archive::text_oarchive oa(ofs); >> oa.register_type(static_cast<bus_stop_corner* >(NULL)); >> //ar.template register_type<bus_stop_destination>(); >> oa.register_type(static_cast<bus_stop_destination* >(NULL)); >> >> oa << s; >> } >> //>>>> >> >> void >> restore_schedule(bus_schedule &s, const char * filename) >> { >> // open the archive >> std::ifstream ifs(filename); >> boost::archive::text_iarchive ia(ifs); >> >> // restore the schedule from the archive >> ia >> s; >> } >> >> >> int main(int argc, char *argv[]) >> { >> // make the schedule >> bus_schedule original_schedule; >> >> // fill in the data >> // make a few stops >> bus_stop *bs0 = new bus_stop_corner( >> gps_position(34, 135, 52.560f), >> gps_position(134, 22, 78.30f), >> "24th Street", "10th Avenue" >> ); >> >> //<<<< >> std::string filename1(boost::archive::tmpdir()); >> filename1 += "/demofile1.txt"; >> >> save_stop( *bs0 , filename1.c_str()); >> //>>>> >> bus_stop *bs1 = new bus_stop_corner( >> gps_position(35, 137, 23.456f), >> gps_position(133, 35, 54.12f), >> "State street", "Cathedral Vista Lane" >> ); >> bus_stop *bs2 = new bus_stop_destination( >> gps_position(35, 136, 15.456f), >> gps_position(133, 32, 15.300f), >> "White House" >> ); >> bus_stop *bs3 = new bus_stop_destination( >> gps_position(35, 134, 48.789f), >> gps_position(133, 32, 16.230f), >> "Lincoln Memorial" >> ); >> >> >> // make a routes >> bus_route route0; >> route0.append(bs0); >> route0.append(bs1); >> route0.append(bs2); >> >> // add trips to schedule >> original_schedule.append("bob", 6, 24, &route0); >> original_schedule.append("bob", 9, 57, &route0); >> original_schedule.append("alice", 11, 02, &route0); >> >> // make aother routes >> bus_route route1; >> route1.append(bs3); >> route1.append(bs2); >> route1.append(bs1); >> >> // add trips to schedule >> original_schedule.append("ted", 7, 17, &route1); >> original_schedule.append("ted", 9, 38, &route1); >> original_schedule.append("alice", 11, 47, &route1); >> >> // display the complete schedule >> std::cout << "original schedule"; >> std::cout << original_schedule; >> >> std::string filename(boost::archive::tmpdir()); >> filename += "/demofile.txt"; >> // save the schedule >> save_schedule(original_schedule, filename.c_str()); >> >> // ... some time later >> // make a new schedule >> bus_schedule new_schedule; >> >> restore_schedule(new_schedule, filename.c_str()); >> >> // and display >> std::cout << "\nrestored schedule"; >> std::cout << new_schedule; >> // should be the same as the old one. (except for the pointer >> values) >> >> delete bs0; >> delete bs1; >> delete bs2; >> delete bs3; >> return 0; >> } > > > > > ------------------------------------------------------------------------ > > _______________________________________________ > Boost-users mailing list > Boost-users(a)lists.boost.org > http://lists.boost.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/boost-users

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[statechart] managing large collection of async statemachines.
by Johan Kuijpers 08 Sep '07

08 Sep '07

Hello, I have to instantiate a large collection (1200) of asynchronous statemachines which obviously can not have their own thread of execution. My basic idea was to spawn a collection of threads with 1 scheduler per thread (inline with the tutorial) and then create several processors ie statemachines per scheduler. This seems to work however there's 1 aspect which I can not solve. When queueing an event I have to distribute now the events to the right async statemachine based on a simple id which each event carries. Problem seems the access to the statemachine (I need the id obviously) since I only have a (collection of) processor handles. How can this be done? Kind regards, John.

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polymorphism and boost::shared_ptr
by Brad Ryder 08 Sep '07

08 Sep '07

Greetings, This is my first post to the boost users list and I am a relative new comer to this wonderful template library, so have some mercy on me. I am sure this question has been asked before and I tried to find it via google without any luck. If someone could show me how to make the following polymorphism work so that AddChild of class A will add type B and type C class I would really appreciate it. I don't want to have to typecast in this situation, but I can't see any other way. Please forgive me if this is a basic question, but I am new to some of these concepts. Kind regards Brad typedef boost::shared_ptr<A> shPtrA; typedef boost::shared_ptr<B> shPtrB; typedef boost::shared_ptr<C> shPtrC; class A { void AddChild(shPtrA& child); private: std::vector<shPtrA> m_children; } class B : public A { } class C: public B { } main() { A base; shPtrB spB(new B()); shPtrC spC(new C()); // I dont want to typecast spB or spC A.AddChild( (shPtrA) spB); A.AddChild( (shPtrA) spC); }

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[serialization] additional archive exception reporting
by Robbie Morrison 07 Sep '07

07 Sep '07

Hi all In order to assist my troubleshooting, I wrote a free function called 'extraArchiveWhat' which adds to the sometimes obscure (to me anyway) comments thrown by Boost.Serialization. John Pye-4 wrote: > Vaguely related comment on your problem. I was also recently seeing this > "unregistered void cast" runtime error. As far as I could tell it was a > problem relating to my ordering and placement of "#include > <boost/archive/text_oarchive.hpp> (or ditto iarchive), and "#include > <boost/serialization/export.hpp> as well as calls to BOOST_CLASS_EXPORT. > > It was nothing to do with my use of void_cast_register, which in fact I > don't use anywhere in any of my code. > > So FWIW I think that this error message is not particularly helpful or > well-worded. Here is my client code first (the typedef enables me to switch between text, XML, and platform-specific binary): 8<-------------------------------------- typedef boost::archive::xml_oarchive output_archive_type; const char* cfilename = filename.c_str(); // convert to C-style string ... try { std::ifstream ifs(cfilename, std::ios::binary); if ( !ifs ) // see note below { std::cout << "** ofstream open failed: " << cfilename << std::endl; } input_archive_type ar(ifs); // see above typedef ar & boost::serialization::make_nvp("container", container); } catch (const boost::archive::archive_exception& ae) { std::cout << "** boost::archive load exception" << ": " << __FILE__ << ":" << __LINE__ << ":" << __func__ << ": " << ae.what() << "\n" << " " << extraArchiveWhat(ae.what()) << std::endl; } -------------------------------------->8 Note that C++ stream io operations do not throw exceptions. Each stream keeps its own mask of error bits known as its "io state", accessible via rdstate(). In addition, each stream object can also be treated as a Boolean value representing good (true) or faulty (false). Note too that __FILE__, __LINE__, and __func__ are built-in macros which give the current source file name, line number, and invoked call, respectively. Now the helper function itself: 8<-------------------------------------- std::string // an interpretation based on my experiences extraArchiveWhat (const std::string what) // that is, the string returned by what() { std::string ret = "no local interpretation"; if ( what == "coding error" ) ret = "Boost.Serialization library problem"; else if ( what == "unrecognized XML syntax" ) ret = "name-value-pair name contains illegal chars including whitespace?"; else if ( what == "unregistered class" ) ret = "missing BOOST_CLASS_EXPORT(SubClass) macro?"; else if ( what == "unregistered void cast" ) ret = "missing ar & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_BASE_OBJECT_NVP(BaseClass) statement?"; else if ( what == "stream error" ) ret = "asymmetric serialization, including attempt to load empty archive?"; ret = "(" + ret + ")"; // add parentheses return ret; } -------------------------------------->8 Hence a typical message might read: ** boost::archive load exception: main.cpp:101:main: unregistered void cast (missing ar & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_BASE_OBJECT_NVP(BaseClass) statement?) Finally, here is a list of possible exceptions copied (with minor tweaks) from the relevant Boost.Serialization headers: // From <boost/archive archive_exception.hpp> // // "programming error" [in Boost.Serialization, that is] // // "unregistered class" : attempt to serialize a pointer // of an an unregistered class // // "invalid signature" : first line of archive does not // contain expected string // // "unsupported version" : archive created with library // version subsequent to this one // // "pointer conflict" : an attempt has been made to // directly serialize an object after having // already serialized the same object through a // pointer -- were this permitted, it the archive // load would result in the creation of extraneous // object // // "incompatible native format" : attempt to read native // binary format on incompatible platform // // "array size too short" : array being loaded doesn't // fit in array allocated // // "stream error": i/o error on stream // // "class name too long" : class name greater than the // maximum permitted -- most likely a corrupted archive // or an attempt to insert a virus via buffer overrun method // // "unregistered void cast" : base - derived relationship not // registered with void_cast_register // // From <boost/archive/basic_xml_archive.hpp> // // "unrecognized XML syntax" : archive doesn't contain // expected data // // "XML start/end tag mismatch" : start/end tag in archive // doesn't match program // // "Invalid XML tag name" : tag name contains // invalid characters cheers, Robbie --- Robbie Morrison PhD student -- policy-oriented energy system simulation Institute for Energy Engineering (IET) Technical University of Berlin (TU-Berlin), Germany [from IMAP client]

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