December 2007 - Boost - lists.boost.org

Re: [boost] [review] Fast track formal review of Forward library begins today
by Eric Niebler 12 Dec '07

12 Dec '07

John Torjo wrote: > The formal review of the Boost.Functional/Forward library, proposed by > Tobias Schwinger, begins today : <snip> > * What is your evaluation of the design? Good. I can think of a couple of missing features. - An option to handle const and non-const arguments up to N, and only [non-]const arguments from N to M. - Automatically detect if the compiler supports variadic templates and rvalue references and use those instead. This can be a useful portability utility when such compilers become more common. > * What is your evaluation of the implementation? Looks good, but it's hard to see thru the PP gunk. :-) > * What is your evaluation of the documentation? Short and to the point. Would be nice if the reference section for each of the adaptors had a little example usage. > * What is your evaluation of the potential usefulness of the library? Very useful. > * Did you try to use the library? With what compiler? > Did you have any problems? No, but I used this feature when it was part of Fusion, and it was handy. > * How much effort did you put into your evaluation? Not counting my previous experience with the Fusion function adaptors, about an hour with the docs and code. > A glance? A quick reading? In-depth study? > * Are you knowledgeable about the problem domain? > > And finally, every review should answer this question: > > * Do you think the library should be accepted as a Boost library? > Be sure to say this explicitly so that your other comments > don't obscure your overall opinion. Yes. -- Eric Niebler Boost Consulting www.boost-consulting.com

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pa-risc HP-UX compatibility.
by Jurko Gospodnetić 12 Dec '07

12 Dec '07

Hi. HP-UX system header '/usr/include/machine/reg.h' found on pa-risc HP-UX 11.11 defines R1, R2, R3, etc. macros which conflict with some boost headers. Conflicting headers found in Boost 1.34.1. are 'boost/iterator/iterator_facade.hpp' (several template parameter names) and 'boost/test/test_tools.hpp' (one local variable name). We have not checked the current trunk/1.35 release branches. Could these and any other conflicting files be updated to not use these identifier names? Such changes should be trivial renames. Also, most likely some Boost coding convention documentation should be updated to reference this. We ran into this problem when looking into porting the Boost ASIO library to HP-UX and working around this problem will be necessary in order to get this port working. Note though that newer HP-UX releases do not have this problem (tested on HP-UX ai64 11.23) Hope this helps. Best regards, Jurko Gospodnetić

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Re: [boost] SVN commit problem
by Jan Gaspar 12 Dec '07

12 Dec '07

Thank you, guys. It works now. Jan ----- Original Message ---- From: John Maddock <john(a)johnmaddock.co.uk> To: boost(a)lists.boost.org Sent: Wednesday, 12 December, 2007 10:28:33 AM Subject: Re: [boost] SVN commit problem Beman Dawes wrote: > Rene Rivera wrote: >> Jan Gaspar wrote: >>> Yes, I did a fresh checkout. I also tried providing my username and >>> password but got the same error. >>> >>> Could you please have a look if user jano_gaspar is permissioned for >>> committing changes? >> >> I just checked... You are only listed for access to the sandbox >> area. I don't know what server changes are needed to change that >> correctly. Doug? Or any moderator? > > The SVNManager interface doesn't seem to have any way of changing what > areas a user has permissions for. I must be missing something:-( Hopefully Jan should have SVN write access now. Beman: the way to do this is select Group Admin -> Edit -> Group Name Then select (or deselect) the member you want to change. And no, I didn't find this terribly intuitive either :-( HTH, John. _______________________________________________ Unsubscribe & other changes: http://lists.boost.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/boost ___________________________________________________________ Support the World Aids Awareness campaign this month with Yahoo! For Good http://uk.promotions.yahoo.com/forgood/

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boost::posix_time::time_duration greater than 24 hours
by Mark Van Dijk 12 Dec '07

12 Dec '07

The following code snippet produces an ASSERT on my machine running WinXP (sp2) with VS8 (sp1) with boost v1.34.1: boost::posix_time::time_duration t(24, 0, 0); std::cout << t << std::end; The assertion occurs because there is a check in the underlying CRT that verifies the hours portion is between 0 and 23 inclusive. Is this something that might be fixed in boost 1.35?

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Re: [boost] [dynamic_bitset] bug in to_ulong() in dynamic_bitset.hpp
by Boris Gubenko 12 Dec '07

12 Dec '07

Merged to release branch: http://svn.boost.org/trac/boost/changeset/41959 Thanks, Boris ----- Original Message ----- From: "Boris Gubenko" <Boris.Gubenko(a)hp.com> To: <boost(a)lists.boost.org> Cc: "Boris Gubenko" <Boris.Gubenko(a)hp.com> Sent: Thursday, December 06, 2007 5:59 AM Subject: Re: [boost] [dynamic_bitset] bug in to_ulong() in dynamic_bitset.hpp > Committed to trunk. Should I merge the fix into release branch? > > Thanks, > Boris

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Re: [boost] SVN commit problem
by Jan Gaspar 11 Dec '07

11 Dec '07

I did checkout from https://svn.boost.org/svn/boost/trunk but got the same error. ----- Original Message ---- From: John Maddock <john(a)johnmaddock.co.uk> To: boost(a)lists.boost.org Sent: Tuesday, 11 December, 2007 10:26:59 AM Subject: Re: [boost] SVN commit problem Jan Gaspar wrote: > Hi, > > I tried to commit a file change into the SVN trunk but I got an error: > > Modified: debug.hpp > Error: Commit failed (details follow): > Error: CHECKOUT of > '/svn/boost/!svn/ver/38329/trunk/boost/circular_buffer/debug.hpp': > 403 Forbidden (https://svn.boost.org) That usually happens if the repository was checked out from http://whatever rather than https://whatever. HTH, John. _______________________________________________ Unsubscribe & other changes: http://lists.boost.org/mailman/listinfo.cgi/boost ___________________________________________________________ Yahoo! Answers - Got a question? Someone out there knows the answer. Try it now. http://uk.answers.yahoo.com/

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Serialization and polymorphic archives
by Chris Hamilton 11 Dec '07

11 Dec '07

Hello all, I've been using the serialization library for a while now. Because of the run-time module loading aspect of our project, serialization has to be available through virtual functions and we do this by wrapping calls to boost serialization using poylmorphic archive types. In general, this has worked well. We'd like to start using the 1.35 branch because we want access to Boost.mpi as well. Rebuilding the code against 1.35 works fine and doesn't require any changes. However, as soon as we try running any code, we get the following missing symbol problem (this is happening when run-time loading a library that links against boost_serialization): undefined symbol: _ZN5boost7archive6detail27archive_pointer_iserializerINS0_27polymorphic_binary_iarchiveEEC2ERKNS_13serialization18extended_type_infoE Any ideas on what could be going on here? I'm running revision 41959 built with GCC 3.4. Regards, Chris Hamilton

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Boost.HTTP ?
by Michael Dickey 11 Dec '07

11 Dec '07

Greetings, I've been working over the past 7+ months on a little library that uses Boost and ASIO to implement HTTP functionality. Originally I called this "libpion," then renamed it to the "Pion Network Library." I'm using it as piece of a larger open source project for complex event processing, which has taken on the overall "Pion" brand (hence the change). http://pion.atomiclabs.com/pion/net The library includes pretty comprehensive support for HTTP versions 1.0 and 1.1, including persistent connections, pipelining, chunked encodings, etc. It supports client-side operations as well as an extensive server-side implementation, and can use either blocking or asynchronous sockets (through use of the Boost.ASIO library). The original purpose was to create a Boost/C++ library for building lightweight HTTP interfaces for applications. Although it can certainly be used to serve files, It is not meant to replace or compete with any full-featured web server (like Apache or lighttpd). One of its main features/uses is to bind HTTP resources to code. The library is now fairly stable and feature-complete, and I have a few other developers helping out with it. I've been thinking more lately about preparing this to submit for formal review as a Boost library. However, there are a few obstacles that I know of: 1) This is my first Boost library, and I made the mistake of using CamelCase and other non-Boost styles starting it out. So, some re- naming and cleanup work would obviously be required. I don't imagine this would take too much time, though. 2) Some of the functionality overlaps with other libraries that have not yet been included or accepted into Boost (most notably, I think Boost.Extension would overlap with Pion's handling of web services: dynamic plug-ins bound to resources). I'd be happy (and actually prefer) to swap out this code with Boost.Extension, but I do not believe it has been reviewed or accepted yet either. I could also prepare a version with the plug-in functionality removed, but since it's being used in other projects, this would create a fork requiring extra maintenance energy, etc. 3) I know that Dean Michael Berris has formed a group of developers working on a more comprehensive network protocol library for Boost called cpp-netlib. HTTP is one of the protocols they are working on. I've offered and would still be quite happy to combine efforts somehow, but that project still seems to have a long way to go, and a few people have mentioned that it may be preferable to have an independent library focused on HTTP. So.. I decided to throw all this out there and see what people think. Should Boost have its own HTTP library, or should it be part of an more comprehensive network protocol library? Would it be better have something available sooner in Boost that works and is reliable, and try to resolve the overlap over time as cpp-netlib matures? Or, would it be better to wait and try to merge my library (or at least it's functionality) into cpp-netlib? Thanks, -Mike

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Clean disconnect with asio socket library
by Bert Passek 11 Dec '07

11 Dec '07

Hello, i'm using boost 1.34 with the asio c++ library extension for socket communication. At the moment i have following problem. - i open a client class with usage of io service and a connection manager according to the examples TcpClient* client = new TcpClient(ioServiceClient, string(regServer->host), Utilities::intToString(regServer->port), connectionManager, *this); - after connected to a server i send some messages via asio::async_write(socket_, buffer, boost::bind(&TcpConnection::handle_write, shared_from_this(), asio::placeholders::error)); - the connection itself listen to incoming messages via asio::async_read(socket_, asio::buffer(inbound_header_), boost::bind(&TcpConnection::handle_read_header, shared_from_this(), asio::placeholders::error)); So what i have to do is - open connection - send some messages - disconnect The disconnect is done ioServiceClient.post(boost::bind(&ConnectionManager::stop_all, &connectionManager)); So what is my problem: I need to close the connection after sending the last message. At a certain message length the disconnect happens before the message was send completely. That's why i thought putting the disconnect via post to the io service will handle this. But this is not the case. How can i make a clean disconnect when all outstanding messages were send completely?? Thanks for your answers. Bye Bert -- Der GMX SmartSurfer hilft bis zu 70% Ihrer Onlinekosten zu sparen! Ideal für Modem und ISDN: http://www.gmx.net/de/go/smartsurfer

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Trac open bugs - by assignee
by Marshall Clow 11 Dec '07

11 Dec '07

[ 199 open bugs today, 200 yesterday ] If you are maintaining a library, and have not logged into the trac system at <http://svn.boost.org/trac/boost/>, please do so ASAP. Until you do that, no tickets can be assigned to you, and will remain under "None". Instructions on working with tickets can be found at: <http://svn.boost.org/trac/boost/wiki/TicketWorkflow> and a mapping of user names to "real names" can be found at: <http://svn.boost.org/trac/boost/report/16> Bug summary 17 dgregor 17 az_sw_dude 15 djowel 12 turkanis 12 grafik 12 doug_gregor 11 johnmaddock 11 None 10 dave 9 agurtovoy 6 vladimir_prus 6 jsiek 6 anthonyw 5 witt 5 igaztanaga 4 pdimov 4 bemandawes 3 ramey 3 jmaurer 3 ebf 3 danielw 2 urzuga 2 samuel_krempp 2 rogeeff 2 pavol_droba 2 niels_dekker 2 nasonov 2 <Blank> 1 t_schwinger 1 speedsnail 1 shammah 1 nesotto 1 matias 1 marshall 1 kaalus 1 hkaiser 1 dlwalker 1 burbelgruff 1 aaron_windsor <Blank> 1307 [lambda] invalid boostbook <Blank> 1434 Boost.Preprocessor_ small fix for the documentation None 1068 Mersenne twister disables streaming for Visual C++ None 1094 Finding the correct library to link (feature request for pkg-config support)h None 1222 lambda::ret<T> should declare result_type. None 1247 Typos in "boost/random/additive_combine.hpp"_ lines 68-69 None 1270 uniform_smallint doesn't compile with lagged_fibonacci random number generators None 1407 Boost is doesn't install on MacPorts using Leopard None 1423 MSVC uniform int workaround not required for VC++ 2008 None 1473 VC++ 2009 does not need workaround None 1482 boost::python::throw_error_already_set should be marked noreturn None 1493 SVN files making it through to install None 1515 [lambda] C4512 warnings from VC8.0 aaron_windsor 778 top-level configure is broken agurtovoy 1001 gcc 4.1.2 segfaults on mpl/test/apply.cpp agurtovoy 1051 MPL header ordering triggers bug agurtovoy 1099 unable to iterate through a "non-explicitly-declared" mpl::set agurtovoy 1215 Boost 1.34.1_ mpl: Wrong workaround detection using MinGW32 (or.hpp_ line #33) agurtovoy 1317 has_xxx randomly broken in msvc agurtovoy 1469 [mpl] nested typedef of set has two different meanings agurtovoy 1476 always<> is not nullary. agurtovoy 588 mpl::remove compile error with gcc 4.1.0 agurtovoy 640 documentation mistake anthonyw 1154 tss destruction segfaults in conjunction with dlopen/dlclose anthonyw 1168 [thread] tss crashes randomly anthonyw 1268 xtime_cmp changes to deal with overflow were reverted anthonyw 1470 Boost.Thread: Compilation errors with non-__cdecl calling convention anthonyw 876 xtime documentation incomplete anthonyw 881 errors when build with Apache stdcxx az_sw_dude 1028 typo in boost header: date_time/time_defs.hpp az_sw_dude 1078 from_iso_string cannot read the output from to_iso_string az_sw_dude 1098 Urgent libboost-date-time1.33.1 : bugs on ia64 ? az_sw_dude 1147 date_time library contains global #define ERROR az_sw_dude 1160 warning: month_format shadows a member of this az_sw_dude 1162 warning: ticks shadows a member of this az_sw_dude 1289 posix_time::time_facet forgets to pass a_ref argument to base class az_sw_dude 1299 change in typedef stringstream_type in format_date_parser.hpp causing compilation error az_sw_dude 1306 invalid docbook in date_period.xml az_sw_dude 1384 Linking problem with date_time library on Visual C++ 2008 Express az_sw_dude 1386 date_time documentation Jamfile breaks building of boost docs az_sw_dude 287 wrong usage of ios_base::narrow az_sw_dude 316 date_time type conversion warning az_sw_dude 604 from_ftime incorrectly processes FILETIME filled with zeros az_sw_dude 642 operator<< for gregorian::date_duration not found az_sw_dude 889 Insane Dependencies az_sw_dude 890 date_time library supports only the current dst rule bemandawes 1378 filesystem path invalid name for hidden files (LINUX) bemandawes 1389 filesystem::ostream << boost::format generates operator ambigious error (in MSVC++) bemandawes 1458 Darwin Tiger throws std::runtime_error: locale::facet::_S_create_c_locale name not valid bemandawes 752 directory_iterator doesn't work with catch burbelgruff 1503 typeof bug (big integral constant) danielw 1044 Argument pack inaccessable in a functions return type danielw 1054 Parameter takes an "infinite" amount of time to compile with the Intel compiler. danielw 1097 keyword.hpp generates many warnings C4180: qualifier applied to function type has no meaning; ignored dave 1010 linking boost.python on freebsd dave 1019 iterator_facade::pointer should be the return type of operator-> (DR 445) dave 1085 Python rules for compiling in Mac OS X dave 1179 [boost.python] can not export a union in VC2005sp1 dave 1181 [boost.python] can modify enum value dave 1387 Review / update docs to reflect changes dave 1460 Python classes with multiple bases are convertible only to the first class in the lists dave 1516 [python] Failing VC9 regression tests dave 865 Use of C++0x keyword as identifier dave 910 gcc strict-aliasing problems with python dgregor 1003 [iostreams] copy-paste error in typedefs for wchar multichar_filters dgregor 1139 [iostreams] Regex filter segfaults when zero matches found dgregor 1140 boost::iostreams linked_streambuf bug dgregor 1149 Minor doc error in basic_null_device dgregor 1164 Floyd Warshall broken with unsigned edge weights dgregor 1185 iostreams::direct_streambuf<T_Tr>::is_open always returns false if output iterator is not null dgregor 1192 [boostbook] problem when two files have the same name dgregor 1199 configure doesn't work with path containing whitespaces (MacOS X) dgregor 1232 mapped_file_source::is_open() is broken under windows dgregor 1310 [result_of] const-qualified function pointer doesn't work dgregor 1326 Unable to check graph isomorphism using LEDA adapter dgregor 1391 dominator_tree_test on Borland/CodeGear outputs overly long line dgregor 1394 Translate libs/graph/build/python/Jamfile to BBv2 dgregor 1395 Write Tests for Python Bindings dgregor 556 Bundled graph properties dgregor 732 Johnson All-Pairs needs better "no path" information dgregor 736 Const correctness violation djowel 1170 Emit Warnings instead of # symbols in the syntax highlighter djowel 1171 Quickbook title output djowel 1172 non-utf djowel 1176 Space after inline code djowel 1206 Escaping from within code? djowel 1273 CR+LF newlines in position_iterator djowel 1276 spirit problem with _GLIBCXX_DEBUG djowel 1277 Closing section like [pre with } causes Quickbok to crash djowel 1280 sections in imported source files get put inside <para> elements in docbook output djowel 1281 Quickbook produces invalid BoostBook/DocBook XML djowel 1324 tuple should have a swap() that operates element-by-element djowel 1396 wrong result_of invocation around transform_view djowel 1436 [quickbook] inline code inside headings djowel 1484 Quickbook produces illegal docbook for some docinfo fields. djowel 1500 [Spirit/Phoenix] C4512 Compiler warnings from VC8 dlwalker 613 boost/crc.hpp uses non-standard conforming syntax doug_gregor 1021 [Graph][reverse_graph] Problem using reverse_graph adapter with an adapted user defined graph doug_gregor 1076 compile error: disconnecting struct with operator()() doesn't work in VS2005 SP1 doug_gregor 375 LEDA graph adaptors do not handle hidden nodes properly doug_gregor 402 random_vertex/random_edge are unnecessarily inefficient doug_gregor 403 Document copy_component doug_gregor 447 reverse_graph and constness of property maps doug_gregor 708 Dijkstra no_init version should not require VertexListGraph doug_gregor 733 Numbered headers don't work with "preferred" syntax doug_gregor 735 Fruchterman-Reingold grid performance can be improved doug_gregor 738 Memory leaks with signal::connect? doug_gregor 829 Implicit graph not implement doug_gregor 852 Problem with Boost and GCC 4.1 ebf 1507 [variant] C4512 warnings from VC8.0 ebf 965 [doc] boost::variant tutorial - final example uses v1_v2 should be seq1_seq2 ebf 993 Variant should use least common multiple of alignments_ rather than maximum grafik 1041 Cygwin requires PATH setting. grafik 1062 Cygwin install stage fails with combination of patches grafik 1322 trac rejects patch attachment as spam grafik 1417 Regresson tests hang in Darwin (Tiger) grafik 1430 Regression fails under Cygwin grafik 1433 Trac's spam detection rejects too many valid messages grafik 1512 Broken link to vacpp in bjam docs. grafik 1513 Broken link to bcpp in bjam docs. grafik 1514 regression.py throws during collecting logs grafik 616 Boost Jam_ and non english directorys grafik 959 linking fails when Boost is compiled with STLport 5.1.* on Linux (names mismatch) grafik 986 Problem building Python modules on boost 1.34.0 hkaiser 1079 boost-1.34.0 fails to compile. concept checks not satisfied. igaztanaga 1080 boost::interprocess win32 global file mapping issue igaztanaga 1210 interprocess::barrier hangs during second use under linux (boost 1.33.1) igaztanaga 1231 interprocess_condition (emulated) hangs after notify_all(). igaztanaga 1390 Interpocess: managed shared memory failing completely under OS X igaztanaga 1518 Warning from gcc in boost/intrusive/detail/utilities.hpp jmaurer 351 Diff in state of mersenne_twister gen between GCC3.41 & CW9 jmaurer 599 uniform_01 copies engine instead of using a reference jmaurer 819 uniform_int<> with type's maximum availaible range error johnmaddock 1081 Empty string rejected as perl-style regex johnmaddock 1083 boost_regex 1.34.0 uses ICU library without linking to it johnmaddock 1314 Using SSE-intrinsics in VC8 causes static assert in type_with_alignment.hpp johnmaddock 1411 Fix BOOST_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION_EXPLICT_ARGS johnmaddock 1440 libs/config/test/link/Jamfile.v2 confuses process_jam_log johnmaddock 1446 POSIX API doesn't use C locale johnmaddock 1451 error: use of C99 long long integer constant johnmaddock 1455 gcc 4.3.0 requires main to take 0 or 2 arguments johnmaddock 1474 VC++ 2008 seems to trigger multiple inclusion of boost::hash johnmaddock 1504 [type-traits] VC8 - C4512 warning johnmaddock 1511 Non latin symbols in regexp jsiek 416 Spelling of Edmonds-Karp-Algorithm jsiek 575 Calling subgraph::global_to_local on a root graph jsiek 636 strange compiling problem for transitive_closure jsiek 815 remove_edge core dumps on self-circle jsiek 875 No iterator based constructor for adjacency_matrix jsiek 900 graphml reader namespace handling is broken kaalus 1184 property_tree assignment (operator) bug marshall 1252 [pool] severe overhead with unaligned sizes. matias 1406 Understanding the Tables outdated nasonov 1220 lexical_cast requires RTTI nasonov 754 boost::any - typeid comparison across shared boundaries nesotto 1464 boost_range_array unused in several array_size() functions niels_dekker 1459 value_initialized leaves data uninitialized_ when using Borland niels_dekker 1491 value_initialized leaves data uninitialized_ when using GCC pavol_droba 1152 rle_example fails pavol_droba 1385 begin must be boost-qualified pdimov 1106 shared_ptr<T> should not convert to shared_ptr<U> when T* doesn't convert to U* pdimov 1108 shared_ptr does not compile under g++ with -fno-rtti pdimov 1444 scoped_ptr::operator== should be equivalent to a.get()==b.get()_ but is currently !!a==!!b pdimov 997 error in boost::bind doc ramey 1038 "<" and ">" should be excaped in xml_oarchive ramey 1121 xml_archive_exception is missing seperate header file_ and documentation mismatch ramey 1508 text_map_binary_archive failure rogeeff 1383 signal.h features not found on Mac OS rogeeff 1489 BOOST_CHECK_CLOSE fails to compile with templated value type samuel_krempp 1510 [format] C6323 compiler warning from VC8/VC9 samuel_krempp 859 boost::format ignores a user defined locale shammah 386 boost::pool_allocator breaks with vector of vectors speedsnail 1138 Problems with TSS and static thread library t_schwinger 1100 Building boost.function_types fails cvs rev-1.1_ no chdir command in bash turkanis 1002 [iostreams] close_impl<closable_tag> does not comply with spec turkanis 1033 iostreams::restrict doesn't work on an iostreams::file_source turkanis 1070 [iostreams]boost\iostreams\copy.hpp line80 copy_impl turkanis 525 problem with boost::iostreams when compiled with Visual C++ turkanis 699 Changing size of memory-mapped file on Windows turkanis 786 bug in iostreams/copy.hpp line 81 turkanis 791 iostreams::tee_filter is for output only turkanis 817 Performance problem in iostreams turkanis 822 Incorrect usage of bad_write()_ bad_seek() etc. turkanis 823 Seekable file_descriptor_source /sink? turkanis 824 BOOST_IOSTREAMS_HAS_LSEEK64 on Mac OS X turkanis 856 iostreams file_descriptor::write fails under Win32 urzuga 574 [boost::lambda] Compile error with libstdc++ debug mode urzuga 781 Lambda: (_1 + "y")(string("x")) Doesn't Compile vladimir_prus 1165 more quoting problems vladimir_prus 1274 Useless error message vladimir_prus 1275 boost::program_options::validation_error::what() is private vladimir_prus 1321 invalid docbook in tool documentation vladimir_prus 469 multitoken broken vladimir_prus 689 [program_options] Endless loop with long default arguments witt 1046 Boost.Python quickstart instructions mention nonexistent target witt 583 Fixes for build on IBM pSeries for AIX and Linux witt 834 Homepage regression links witt 957 The "Getting Started" page does not mention the stdlib option witt 973 zip_iterator has value_type == reference -- -- Marshall Marshall Clow Qualcomm, Inc. <mailto:mclow@qualcomm.com> The famous British scientist, Lord Kelvin, said: "When you measure what you are speaking about and express it in numbers, you know something about it, but when you cannot (or do not) measure it, when you cannot (or do not) express it in numbers, then your knowledge is of a meagre and unsatisfactory kind."

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