July 2008 - Boost - lists.boost.org

problems with boost exception in trunk?
by Robert Ramey 06 Jul '08

06 Jul '08

Current testing shows two compilers failing to link tests for the wide character version of the seriliazation library. For Comeau - the error is symbol already defined. It appears that certain symbols are instantiated in both the serialization library and its wide character brother. This results in a failure to link the tests. For Intel, there is a cryptic message related to symbol count - so it might or might not be the same issue. I would appear that the same code is getting instantiated in both libraries. If my analysis is correct, this problem could appear for any application which links to two or more boost libraries which use boost exception. Since we don't explicitly test for this, this we would generally have no way of knowing about this. Could whoever is responsible for the exception library please look into this? I hope that the version in the trunk has not yet been merged into the release. Robert Ramey

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[integer] Can anyone double-check this test?
by Daryle Walker 06 Jul '08

06 Jul '08

I'm trying to tweak Boost.Integer, and I noticed that only 3 of the 6 test files there are being used. I changed the jam-file there, but I don't use Boost.Build myself, so can someone here confirm that the changes work. You can check out the exact changes with Change-set 47123 at <http://svn.boost.org/trac/boost/changeset/47123>. -- Daryle Walker Mac, Internet, and Video Game Junkie darylew AT hotmail DOT com

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more filesystem questions :)
by Emil Dotchevski 05 Jul '08

05 Jul '08

Without boost::filesystem, it is quite common for programs to take a path as user input and pass it to the OS without caring much if it's valid native path or not. If it isn't, the OS function call will fail. I don't think that this common use case would change much if it's ported to use boost::filesystem. This leads to my questions: if I can store any string into a path object, how are the semantics of boost::path different from the semantics of a string? What is the path type invariant? Does it give me any guarantees about the stored string? Emil Dotchevski Reverge Studios, Inc. http://www.revergestudios.com/reblog/index.php?n=ReCode

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Inspection report and non-ASCII characters
by John Maddock 05 Jul '08

05 Jul '08

Would it be possible for the inspection report to print out the line containing the non-ASCII characters? There are a few files that are being flagged up, where I just can't find anything wrong with them :-( Thanks, John.

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[dynamic_bitset] bug in to_ulong() in dynamic_bitset.hpp
by Boris Gubenko 05 Jul '08

05 Jul '08

A failure of dynamic_bitset library test dyn_bitset_unit_tests3 on Tru64/cxx and HP-UX/aCC revealed what appears to be a bug in <boost/dynamic_bitset/dynamic_bitset.hpp> introduced after Boost 1.34. The bug affects platforms where 'long' type is larger than 'int'. On both Tru64 and HP-UX, 'int' is a 32-bit type. On Tru64, 'long' is a 64-bit type. On HP-UX, 'long' is a 64-bit type in 64-bit data model (+DD64, which is how Boost testing is done on this platform) and 32-bit type otherwise. The test also fails on other platforms and while I cannot verify it, from the test output it apears that these platforms are affected by the same bug. What fails is the two testcases below in b.to_long() suite in boost/libs/dynamic_bitset/dyn_bitset_unit_tests3.cpp invoked with run_test_cases<unsigned int>() : { std::string str(ul_width - 1, '1'); boost::dynamic_bitset<Block> b(str); Tests::to_ulong(b); } { std::string ul_str(ul_width, '1'); boost::dynamic_bitset<Block> b(ul_str); Tests::to_ulong(b); } The code in <boost/libs/dynamic_bitset/bitset_test.hpp> converts dynamic_bitset<unsigned int> argument to unsigned long and checks that the appropriate bits in the result are set: result_type num = lhs.to_ulong(); // Be sure the number is right if (sz == 0) BOOST_CHECK(num == 0); else { for (std::size_t i = 0; i < sz; ++i) BOOST_CHECK(lhs[i] == (i < n ? nth_bit(num, i) : 0)); } This check fails for the bits in the upper half of the result. Here is an excerpt from dynamic_bitset<Block, Allocator>::to_ulong() function in <boost/dynamic_bitset/dynamic_bitset.hpp> in the trunk: result_type result = 0; for (size_type i = 0; i <= last_block; ++i) { assert((size_type)bits_per_block * i < (size_type)ulong_width); result |= (m_bits[i] << (bits_per_block * i)); } In our case, last_block = 1 and bits_per_block = 32. m_bits[i] has 'unsigned int' type. On the second loop iteration, a 32-bit integer is left-shifted by 32 bit positions. This triggers undefined behaviour. From 5.8 - Shift operators [expr.shift] : "The behavior is undefined if the right operand is [...] greater than or equal to the length in bits of the promoted left operand." With cxx and aCC, such shift results in zeroing of all bits of the left operand. Here is the code from <boost/dynamic_bitset/dynamic_bitset.hpp> in Boost 1.34 : unsigned long result = 0; for (size_type i = 0; i <= last_block; ++i) { assert((size_type)bits_per_block * i < (size_type)ulong_width); // gps unsigned long piece = m_bits[i]; result |= (piece << (bits_per_block * i)); } Here on the second loop iteration, a 64-bit long is left-shifted by 32 bit positions which yields the intended result. x.cpp below illustrates the difference between trunk and Boost 1.34: x.cpp ----- #include <stdio.h> #include <limits.h> int main() { unsigned int m_bits[] = { UINT_MAX, UINT_MAX }; unsigned int bits_per_block = sizeof(int) * CHAR_BIT; unsigned long result = 0; for(int i = 0; i <= 1 ; ++i) { #ifndef Boost_1_34 result |= (m_bits[i] << (bits_per_block * i)); #else unsigned long piece = m_bits[i]; result |= (piece << (bits_per_block * i)); #endif printf("result = %llx\n", result); } } cxxosf.zko.hp.com> cxx x.cpp && a.out result = ffffffff result = ffffffff cxxosf.zko.hp.com> cxx x.cpp -DBoost_1_34 && a.out result = ffffffff result = ffffffffffffffff cxxosf.zko.hp.com> Replacing result |= (m_bits[i] << (bits_per_block * i)); with unsigned long piece = m_bits[i]; result |= (piece << (bits_per_block * i)); on the trunk makes the test succeed: verified on Tru64/cxx and on HP-UX/aCC. In <http://lists.boost.org/Archives/boost/2007/12/131126.php> I said: > It looks like a regression in boost/dynamic_bitset/dynamic_bitset.hpp > introduced in 1.35, but even in 1.34.1, it seems to me that the code in > to_ulong() is relying on undefined behaviour. What I was referring to is the code in 1.34 applying bitwise shift operator to a long operand. It would trigger an undefined behavior in C where "The operands shall have integer type", but it is legal in C++ where "The operands shall be of integral or enumeration type". So, I no longer claim that the code in 1.34 is relying on undefined behaviour. And the last thing: why the bug affects only platforms where 'long' type is larger than 'int'? Because if they are the same, as is the case on VMS or HP-UX in 32-bit data model, last_block = 0 and the single iteration of the for loop just assigns m_bits[0] to the result: the right operand of the shift operator is zero. To fix the problem, I suggest to replace the buggy code in <boost/dynamic_bitset/dynamic_bitset.hpp> in the trunk with that in 1.34. If there are no objections, I can do it. Thanks, Boris

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[math] pow redux and observations
by John Moeller 05 Jul '08

05 Jul '08

I noticed that the trunk now has corrections for pow<N> to reduce template instantiations. However, the "N=1" specialization isn't correct. The second template parameter (bool odd) should be "true," not "false." I could be mistaken that 1 is an odd number, though. :-) As it is now, the whole template would work, but would ignore the 1/false specialization and create a new 1/true specialization that just multiplies "base" by the result of 0/false. Changing 1/false to 1/true will just cause it to return "base," as desired. Note also, please, that positive_power<0,false> returns 1 when base is 0. Since 0^0 is technically undefined, the "N=0" case should probably be handled at a higher level (in power_if_positive, perhaps), and cause an error, just like negative powers of 0. If that is done, the 0/false case could be removed from positive_power.

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[filesystem] Function name changes
by Beman Dawes 05 Jul '08

05 Jul '08

All the changes mentioned below leave the current names in place as synonyms, so will break no existing code. * Change is_regular() to is_regular_file(). Dave Abrahams and several other people, including me, have found that the name of the is_regular() function is too obscure. It was chosen over is_regular_file() for brevity, but isn't holding up well with experience. The status name is already "regular_file" and the term "regular file" is used by the POSIX standard. * Change leaf() to base_name(). * Change branch() to base_path(). In the long thread '[filesystem] "leaf"', several people found the current names obscure or invoking the wrong metaphor. Many alternative names were discussed, with an eye to making the names more obvious, conforming to names such as "basename" used in other programming languages, and/or using names already in use by the STL. Not breaking existing code was also a major concern, given that "basename" is already used in Boost.Filesystem. The mental model for the new names is that for a path, p: p == p.base_path() / p.base_name() Thus if p == "foo/bar/boo.txt", p.base_path() == "foo/bar", and p.base_name() == "boo.txt". * Change basename() to base_name_prefix(). * Change to extension() to base_name_extension(). This change is to avoid confusion with base_name(). The mental model for the new name is that for a path, p: p.base_name() == base_name_prefix(p) + base_name_extension(p) Thus if p == "foo/bar/boo.txt", base_name_prefix(p) == "boo", and base_name_extension(p) == ".txt". Comments? --Beman

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filesystem question
by Emil Dotchevski 05 Jul '08

05 Jul '08

What is the rationale for providing path and wpath types instead of using a single path type? Emil Dotchevski Reverge Studios, Inc. http://www.revergestudios.com/reblog/index.php?n=ReCode

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libs/dynamic_bitset/bitset_test unmerged changes?
by David Abrahams 05 Jul '08

05 Jul '08

Should these be in the trunk? Index: bitset_test.hpp =================================================================== --- bitset_test.hpp (revision 40672) +++ bitset_test.hpp (working copy) @@ -1006,7 +1006,8 @@ bool did_throw = false; try { - s << b; + static_cast<void> + (s << b); } #if defined BOOST_OLD_IOSTREAMS catch(...) { @@ -1081,7 +1082,8 @@ const std::ios::iostate except = is.exceptions(); bool has_stream_exceptions = true; try { - is >> b; + static_cast<void> + (is >> b); } catch(const std::ios::failure &) { did_throw = true; -- Dave Abrahams Boost Consulting http://www.boost-consulting.com

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Finding algorithms returning ranges?
by Mathias Gaunard 04 Jul '08

04 Jul '08

Finding algorithms (find, find_if, max_element, and others) usually return an iterator to the found position, or the past-the-end iterator. While enough, it can be quite annoying when used with range adaptors and the like. Imagine something like this: auto r = some_range | some adapters...; auto it = max_element(r, comparison_function); if(it != end(r)) { do_something; } Without auto, it is simply unusable. If such algorithms returned the range [found, end), we would be able to write: if(!empty(max_element(some_range | some adapters..., comparison_function)) { do_something; } Particularly, I find it practical to use it with a function like that: optional<typename range_value<Range>::type> deref_opt(const Range& r) { typedef typename range_value<Range>::type T; return empty(r) ? optional<T>() : optional<T>(*begin(r)); } or like that: typename range_value<Range>::type deref_def(const Range& r) { typedef typename range_value<Range>::type T; return empty(r) ? T() : *begin(r); } For compatibility, maybe returning a range type that implicitly converts to the beginning iterator could work. Do people think this is a good idea?

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